Visual Atlas / Mycology

Sclerotic Bodies: Chromoblastomycosis vs Phaeohyphomycosis

Original bench-card visual contrasting muriform sclerotic bodies in tissue with dematiaceous septate hyphae, the split that separates chromoblastomycosis from phaeohyphomycosis.

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Reinforce this visual pattern with mixed clinical microbiology questions.

Practice related review questions
Bench card visual

Dematiaceous tissue forms: sclerotic bodies vs pigmented septate hyphae

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Many dematiaceous molds look alike in culture. The tissue form is what splits the disease: clustered muriform sclerotic bodies point to chromoblastomycosis, while pigmented septate hyphae point to phaeohyphomycosis.

Sclerotic bodiesClustered muriform brown cells

Thick-walled brown cells in clusters, divided by septa in more than one plane (muriform). Often called copper pennies. This tissue form defines chromoblastomycosis.

Pigmented hyphaeDematiaceous septate hyphae

Brown septate hyphae, sometimes with budding yeast forms. Pigmented hyphae in tissue point to phaeohyphomycosis rather than chromoblastomycosis.

What to look for

Tissue-form anchors

Visual clueMeaningStudent shorthand
Clustered muriform brown cellsSclerotic bodiesSepta in two planes; copper-penny look defines chromoblastomycosis
Brown septate hyphae in tissuePhaeohyphomycosis formPigmented hyphae, sometimes with yeast forms
Visible brown pigment without stainDematiaceous groupPigment is present on H&E and on Fontana-Masson
Subcutaneous or sinus sourceClinical contextSignificance depends on source and host; interpret per SOP
Interpretation table

Tissue-form interpretation guide

PatternWhat to call itHow to think about it
Muriform sclerotic bodies in tissueChromoblastomycosisCorrelate with culture; report tissue form per SOP
Pigmented septate hyphae or yeast in tissuePhaeohyphomycosisCorrelate with culture and clinical source
Faint or absent visible pigmentConfirm melaninFontana-Masson stain supports a dematiaceous process
Key takeaways
  • Tissue form, not genus, separates chromoblastomycosis from phaeohyphomycosis.
  • Sclerotic bodies are clustered, muriform, and thick-walled.
  • Fontana-Masson confirms melanin when pigment is hard to see.
Remember

Sclerotic bodies = chromoblastomycosis. Pigmented hyphae = phaeohyphomycosis.